Lonny Gold is originally from Canada. His first contact with the method goes back to a trip to Ottawa, in Canada, in 1978. It started with the Canadian government who was using it, especially to teach French to English speaking civil servants. Lonny Gold began to become more familiar with it in Paris, thanks to a woman called V. Saferis, who brought it from Bulgaria to the West.

Social security contributions play a vital role in the provision of pensions, serving as a cornerstone of retirement income for millions of individuals worldwide. The significance of social security contributions in pension provision cannot be overstated, as they provide a safety net for workers, ensuring that they are financially secure in their golden years. This article will delve into the role of social security contributions in pension provision, examining their importance, benefits, and challenges, as well as exploring potential reforms to strengthen their efficacy.

This study investigates the phenomenon of cultivation shock experienced by international students in Indonesia and explores strategies for navigating this transition effectively. Drawing on qualitative data gathered through interviews and surveys, the research delves into the challenges faced by foreign students as they adapt to the cultural, social, and academic landscapes of Indonesia. By examining the factors contributing to cultivation shock and identifying coping mechanisms utilized by students, this paper offers insights into how educational institutions and support systems can better assist international students in their adjustment process.

Die Hauptfunktion der Bindegewebe besteht darin, anderen Geweben strukturelle Unterstützung zu bieten. Knorpel und Knochen sind die wichtigsten Bindegewebetypen, andere Typen sind areolares Bindegewebe, das Organe zusammenhält, und dichtes Bindegewebe, das Bänder und Sehnen bildet. Wir untersuchten 47 schwangere Frauen mit uBD und 15 gesunde schwangere Frauen ohne uBD im Alter von 24 bis 30 Jahren. Bei 50 % der Frauen mit uBD bestand die Gefahr eines Schwangerschaftsabbruchs, und die Gefahr einer Frühgeburt wurde 6-mal häufiger beobachtet als bei gesunden schwangeren Frauen. Somit gehören schwangere Frauen mit Anzeichen verschiedener Formen von uBD zu Hochrisikogruppen für geburtshilfliche und perinatale Pathologie und müssen daher während der Schwangerschaft, der Geburt und der postpartalen Phase engmaschig überwacht werden. Außerdem müssen Neugeborene untersucht werden, bei denen eine hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit besteht, diese Krankheit zu erben.

An important role in the growth of the level of socio-economic development of Regions is played by the income and expenses allocated from the local budget of those regions. The more budget revenues increase, the better the quality of the area's living standards. Therefore, the state regulation of local budget revenues, consideration and implementation of measures to further increase it have become one of the most pressing issues of mamalakat today. It is important to improve the economic and social condition of the regions, increase its income in the rain, regulate the income of the local budget by the state and increase it. That is why strengthening the economic potential of the country, increasing the welfare of living in the hudus, primarily the formation of diverse sources of local budget income, is largely due to the fact that the state regulates income.

One of the important directions of youth policy in Uzbekistan is wide involvement of talented young people in science. Year by year, more favorable conditions and opportunities are created for the comprehensive development of young people. In this article, the content and essence of intellectual ability of students, ways of its development and the problem of development of intellectual abilities of future specialists are interpreted.

Aims: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of treatment between anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL). Epiretinal membrane, serous macular detachment, ellipsoid zone (EZ) disorder, external limiting membrane (ELM) disorder, and hyperreflective foci were also examined.

Methods: Patients treated for DME and also had DRIL were included in the study. The study design was retrospective and cross-sectional. The complete ophthalmologic records and imaging were scanned at the beginning, 3rd-month, 6th-month, and 12th-month follow-up, and the treatments administered were recorded. Anti-VEGF agents administered to the patients were examined in three groups: bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept.

The Republic of Uzbekistan, a country located in the heart of Central Asia, has been actively pursuing a policy of economic liberalization and integration into the global economy since its independence in 1991. One of the key drivers of this process has been the attraction of foreign investments, which have played a crucial role in the development of the country's foreign economic activity. This article will examine the development of Uzbekistan's foreign economic activity with the help of foreign investments, highlighting the country's achievements, challenges, and prospects for future growth.

This study investigates the complex issue of patient refusal as a component of neglect in medical treatment. Patient refusal refers to situations where individuals decline or delay recommended medical care, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes. Through a comprehensive review of literature and case studies, this research explores the underlying factors contributing to patient refusal, including fear, mistrust, cultural beliefs, and autonomy concerns. Additionally, the study examines the legal and ethical implications of patient refusal for healthcare providers, highlighting the delicate balance between respecting patient autonomy and ensuring patient safety. By shedding light on the multifaceted nature of patient refusal, this research aims to inform healthcare practices and policies aimed at mitigating neglect and promoting patient-centered care.

Man as a biological species provides its existence due to the creative transformation of the surrounding world, the development of culture and technologies. However, new technologies, being the fruit of human imagination and creativity, in turn, also change a person, complementing and transforming his usual habitat. Since the beginning of the emergence of technogenic civilization the dominant technologies of a particular historical period become the provider of metaphors for era-appropriate understanding person. In modern mechanism, the human body is compared to a machine - Sigmund Freud draws an analogy of what is repressed in psyche with a steam boiler, the lid of which blows off due to steam pressure - and in the twentieth century. Consciousness a person is like a computer. In modern times, one of these metaphors is digital networks with many nodes, while a person is not a network node, but is “distributed” among many of them.

A number of studies that electronic axiography and digital kinesiography were employed to ascertain the efficacy of various orthopedic manipulations prior to and following treatment. These studies were conducted by V. D. et al. (2014), Persin L. S. et al. (2019), Arutyunov S. D. et al. (2019), and Mamedov Hell (2019). A. et al. (2019), Dubova L.V. et al. (2020), and Lebedenko I. Yu. et al. (2022). There is a paucity of evidence-based approaches to the assessment of prosthetic planning and treatment for partially edentulous patients. This is an area of clinical practice that is of paramount importance. The most crucial of these include the assessment of the efficacy of orthodontic treatment, the evaluation of the occlusal relationship and the degree of its correction, the assessment of the impact of installed orthodontic appliances on the masticatory muscles and the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity, the determination of indications for orthodontic treatment of patients with partial tooth loss, and the formulation of treatment strategies.

In this article, the spiritual and moral education of students of higher educational institutions is described as a pedagogical problem, and the concept of spirituality is defined from a philosophical, pedagogical, and psychological point of view. Also, the goals and tasks of spiritual and moral education of students were analyzed from a scientific and pedagogical point of view.

The osteochondrodysplasias or skeletal dysplasias are a heterogenous group of over 350 distinct disorders of skeletogenesis. Many manifest in the prenatal period, making them amenable to ultrasound prenatal diagnosis. A retrospective analysis evaluated 1,500 cases referred to the International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry (ISDR) to determine the relative frequency of specific osteochondrodysplasias and correlation of ultrasound versus radiographic diagnoses for these disorders. Within the retrospective cohort of 1,500 cases, 85% of the referred cases represented well-defined skeletal dysplasias, and the other 15% of cases were a mixture of genetic syndromes and probable early-onset intrauterine growth restriction. The three most common prenatal-onset skeletal dysplasias were osteogenesis imperfecta type 2, thanatophoric dysplasia and achondrogenesis 2, accounting for almost 40% of the cases. In a prospective analysis of 500 cases using a standardized ultrasound approach to the evaluation of these disorders, the relative frequencies of osteogenesis imperfecta type 2, thanatophoric dysplasia and achondrogenesis 2 were similar to the retrospective analysis. This study details the relative frequencies of specific prenatal-onset osteochondrodysplasias, their heterogeneity of prenatal-onset skeletal disorders and provides a standardized prenatal ultrasound approach to these disorders which should aid in the prenatal diagnosis of fetuses suspected of manifesting skeletal dysplasias.

This article discusses various technological innovations in the banking sector that have revolutionized how banks operate and interact with their customers. It covers the introduction of digital banking platforms, the use of blockchain and cryptocurrencies, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning, the application of robotic process automation, and the implementation of advanced analytics and big data. Additionally, it touches on the role of regulatory technology (RegTech) in compliance, the growth of contactless payments and mobile wallets, and the integration of biometric security systems. These innovations have significantly enhanced the efficiency, accessibility, and security of financial services, offering a more personalized and streamlined customer experience while ensuring regulatory compliance and operational resilience.