In this work, current transfer mechanism in the n-CdS/p-Cu(In, Ga)Se2 heterostructure in the forward and reverse current directions at T=300 K is investigated. It has been established that the dark current-voltage characteristics of heterostructures built on a double logarithmic scale are described by power-law dependences type of the I=Vα. In the forward direction of the current, sections of the current-voltage characteristic were observed: α1=1 (ohmic) and α2=2 (quadratic), and for the reverse section of the current-voltage characteristic: α1=1 (ohmic), α2=0.25. From the quadratic section of the forward branch, the value µn∙τn=4.5∙10-10 cm2/V for the CIGS active layer was determined, which is explained by the processes of recombination of charge carriers through simple local centers.

Belt Wrestling is considered one of the ancient sports. Historical handcuffs, monuments testify to the historical past of wrestling sports.  Archaeologists have found many places in the world of petroglyphs with pictures of wrestlers on the rocks, in Central America, Africa, Europe and Asia.  Evidence of the millennial history of the struggle can be seen from the historical monuments of nomadic tribes that lived in the 3-1 centuries BC. With the struggle with the belt, not only the peoples of Turkey, but also many nationalities and nationalities of Europe were engaged.  In these peoples, the belt had its own unique forms and features as well as its own nomenclature of the method of struggle.  In this article, opinions and comments are made on the scientific basis of pedagogical control of competitions and training activities in the belt fight.

Today the role of English language is growing at a high speed worldwide. It is important to say that, English has already become a lingua- franca. There are a lot of words in English language. All words are special in its meaning. In this article, we would analyze the word labour in terms of its semantics. The word “labour” is very commonly used in both English literature and speech contexts. Moreover, we provide some definitions of the word “labour”.

This study investigated the management of positive classroom and school safety and effectiveness of teachers in Unity schools in South-Eastern states of Nigeria. The correlational research design was adopted for the study. Two research questions were answered while two hypotheses were tested. The population of the study comprised all the 901 teachers of the 14 Unity schools in the 5 South-Eastern states of Nigeria. Stratified and disproportionate sampling techniques were used to select 399 sample size that was determined from the population using Taro Yamane Formula. Two sets of instruments titled; “Management of Seamless Technology Integration Questionnaire” and “Teachers’ Effectiveness Questionnaire” were used for data collection. Face and content validity was ensured by experts. The reliability coefficients of the two instruments were calculated to be 0.78 and 0.81 using Cronbach Alpha method. Multiple and simple regressions were used to answer the research questions. Analysis of variance associated with multiple regression and t-test associated with simple regression were used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. It was found that management of: positive classroomand school safety positively correlate (0.89 respectively) to teachers’ effectiveness in Unity schools in South-Eastern states of Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was concluded that management of positive classroom and school safety is positively and highly significant to the effectiveness of teachers in Unity schools in South-Eastern states of Nigeria. It was therefore recommended among others that positive classroom management should be prioritized by the Unity school administrators through the application of Kaizen principles.

It is well known that the communist ideology, which served the interests of the dictatorial regime, and the methodological, theoretical, and ideological foundations of Soviet historiography, which were under its pressure, did not allow to shed light on true history, they were not subject to the history of the people, but to the propagation of the ideas of the class struggle and the communist ideology of Marxism-Leninism. However, this article deals with the history of the Turkestan national liberation movement.

This article examines the legal nature and characteristic features of the commission contract in the civil legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Despite the traditional presence of the rules on the commission in the Civil Code, the author believes that the contract of the commission is little studied in the national legal literature and requires further research.

As a research task, the author attempts to draw attention to the special position of the domestic legislator in some rules on the commission, which are of a debatable nature. The article notes the positive approach chosen by the legislator on the right of the commission agent to make a transaction for himself, as well as the right to remuneration when making a transaction for himself.

The article notes that Uzbekistan has created guarantees of gender equality, raised this issue to the level of state policy and achieved success in the field of human rights, increasing the social and political activity of women in our country, protecting their health, supporting their aspirations and initiatives Particular attention was paid to the creation.

The development of the Institute of Advocacy; growing its function in legal services; maintaining the equality of all participants in the judicial process; and the importance of the role of lawyer in judicial reforms are the key topics of discussion at the moment.

In this article, the author examines the specifics of embassy relations between the Russian Empire and the Khiva Khanate, the traditions and labels that have developed in the diplomatic relations of the two countries, as well as the state of mutual embassy exchange in the middle of the 19th century highlights the mutual analysis of information in the memoirs written by the ambassadors of the urban period. In addition, the example of the embassy headed by N. Ignatyev, who visited Khiva in 1858, reveals that the issue of the embassy became an important political process at a time when the interests of the Russian Empire and Great Britain clashed in Central Asia in the 1950s. The interference of other Central Asian states, such as the Bukhara Emirate and the Kokand Khanate, in the embassy affairs of the Russian Empire with the Khiva Khanate is also a clear feature of the diplomacy of this period. Historical, logical, analytical and synthesis methods were used. 

This article is devoted to the methods of organizing and conducting extracurricular activities in vocational education in vocational education.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft that is remotely piloted or flown autonomously, without pilot assistance. Historically, UAVs were originally used as military devices: weapons and reconnaissance tools. However, since the early 2000s, UAVs developed for purely civilian purposes rather than military ones have become increasingly important. The civilian application of UAVs is very broad: from the agricultural and entertainment sectors to the oil and gas and security sectors. "Civilian drones can be used by emergency services (fire safety control); law enforcement (patrolling areas, detecting violations); agriculture (crop surveillance), forestry and fishing (forest protection and fishery control); geodesy companies (mapping); geography and geology institutes; oil and gas companies (monitoring of oil and gas facilities); construction companies (inspecting construction.

The article discusses the development of speech and communication skills by introducing fiction to preschool children.

As a result of the repressive policy pursued by the Soviet authorities, even a small part of the nationalities living in the country were unjustifiably expelled from the territories where they lived. As a result of this policy, it was relocated to Uzbekistan, along with other republics of the former Soviet Union. The mass forced relocation of Koreans to Uzbekistan, along with other minorities, began in 1937-1938.  In short, this article discusses the history of the resettlement of Koreans.

The study investigated attitude towards artificial fruit ripening with chemical agents among fruit consumers in Rivers State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Three research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. A sample size of 1050 fruit consumers was drawn from different communities in Rivers East Senatorial District of the state using multi-stage sampling procedures. A validated self-structured questionnaire titled ‘Consumers’ Attitude towards Artificial Fruit Ripening’ with inter-scale reliability co-efficient of 0.80 was used as instrument for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics of Analysis of Variance was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The results of the study showed that the fruit consumers displayed positive attitude towards artificially ripened fruits with a cluster mean of 2.55; SD:1.01; and the demographic variables of age and level of education had significant influence on their attitude. The study therefore recommended among others that, health educators and public health workers should liaise with Rivers State Ministry of Information and Communication to engage in massive education and awareness campaign on the need to eat healthy fruits, and avoid consumption of fruits ripened or suspected to be ripened with chemically fruit-ripening agents.

This article describes the latest developments in the field of language teaching in Uzbekistan, reforms and their implementation, presidential decrees, as well as language teaching and learning institutions established in our country.

In today’s world as everything is changing, the science of language that is to say linguistics is also getting developed. However, the main core of linguistics or any branch of this science can not survive without “word”. The term “word” means  a lot to every field of linguistics, for this reason any linguistic subject is aimed at studying one of the features of words or combination of words. Thus, in this article, we provide information about semantics to be more clear, the semantic field of words.

This article discusses the history of education in Uzbekistan through the study of digital technologies. In today’s world, one of the main challenges is to provide modern education to young people and thus ensure the sustainable development of the country. It is true that in today's fast-paced world, learning how to access and use information has become a major goal for young people.

Following the Republic of Uzbekistan's socioeconomic independence, dramatic changes in society occurred. Despite the fact that this time in the personality society was brief, it opened the ground for a major transition in the Republic's social, political, and psychological existence. In this regard, research into the psychology of the victim as a result of violations in the country's life was also undertaken.

All scientific researches, expeditions and autobiography of academic Yakhyo Gulamov have been depicted entirely in the article. Additionally, there are illustrated some efforts to immortalize his name.

Higher education agriculture teaching methods should be capable of developing students' skills in food production, accessibility, food safety, and nutrition, as well as production economics. Lectures, class debates, class projects, problem solving, and tours and field trips were all typical methods in agriculture schools, according to the findings. Digital learning was barely acknowledged as a teaching strategy in this study, although being recommended in the literature review part. We can talk about approaches to build materials for agrarian students in this essay.

This article analyzes research on the history of the first statehood in Central Asia during the Soviet era. The article also analyzes the information that the research on the subject at that time was based on Soviet and Marxist ideas. 

This article provides insights into the requirements for tutoring. Information about the importance of the requirements for the educator's speech and its impact on the child's psyche is given with brief and clear ideas.

This article discusses the opportunities created for today’s entrepreneurs in Zaamin district. The goal is to increase the number of entrepreneurs, and create new jobs. This year, we will continue to create more favorable conditions for the development of entrepreneurship and small business, and will continue to help entrepreneurs to cope with the shortage of working capital during the pandemic. The establishment of Public Councils for Entrepreneurship Support at these receptions has increased the importance of preventing red tape and eliminating bureaucratic barriers in the consideration of applications from entrepreneurs.

Nowadays, the demand for distance and blended learning is increasing, and this leads to the problem of choosing the right platform for launching this approach in education. This article aims to analyze the existing platforms and identify the strengths and weaknesses of each system. It also provides an analysis of all existing systems to identify the most convenient among all platforms.

In this article, Abdullah Avloni promoted the idea of enlightenment through poetry.  Avloni puts freedom and liberty above all else and believes that knowledge is the only way to behave. For this reason, the Motherland encourages the enlightenment of everyone who thinks to bring the slightest benefit to his people. In his work, any methods that could interfere with the mastery of science, including the old method of teaching, were sharply criticized. Science and education, especially European culture, advanced with inspiration.

This article discusses wedding ceremonies in Nurabad district. Each nation has its own set of rituals and customs. The Uzbek people also have their own ethnographic history. The wedding ceremonies of the Uzbek people are especially important in the traditions. In this article, we will explain Uzbek traditions through wedding ceremonies in Nurabad district.

Preschool education is the foundation of an inclusive society, because within its framework, children with disabilities and without disabilities learn, play and grow together. Preschool education increases the chances that the child will receive primary education and then get out of poverty, difficult situations. Since pre-school education is not compulsory, it is much more free than primary education, which gives the opportunity to cooperate with various participants, in particular with the state, non-governmental organizations, the private sector and religious organizations.

The article covers the issues of formation and development of professional competence of future history teachers, organization of history lessons in a modern spirit, preserving national traditions and values through the use of professional competence.

Islamic finance is increasingly attrCovid-19 Impact on Islamic Financeacting attention among investors worldwide, especially in 2019 which saw a double-digit growth in assets. Despite the tumultuous year for global financial markets last year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is growing interest due to three reasons—greater appreciation around the role that Islamic finance plays in responsible investing; geographical interest in markets where Islamic finance is gaining prominence; as well as digital transformation, which makes Islamic investments more accessible.

This article analyzes the issue of teaching Geography with children with disabilities. During the writing of this article, the authors have developed more interesting, easier, ways to teach geography to children with disabilities, effectively using theoretical and practical approaches.

This article devoted to the working technology of fower drier machines and technological indicators preferable and un preferable sides on the process of first converting of Juma cotton menial forcing factoring and this experiment was directly taken with cotton now selection sorts of Bukhora 102 and Sulton. Machines separating wet rates from cotton, process of being inside, rate of machine expenditure on steaming wet expenditure analysis results are given in this article. In fact, when dealing with high capacity systems. The working efficiency of drying machine on moisture.

The purpose of the transfer process is to improve the quality of the units by accurately transmitting the movement of the nodes in the spinning of fibres, reducing the cost of production, increasing productivity, and extending the life of the equipment. The essence of extending the operating time of the equipment is to increase the speed of movement of the spinning fibres' efficient use of time and labour in their production.

The timing and depth of sowing should be determined by the soil conditions of each region and even each field. The most important is the timely cultivation of the rows.

In the germination of the seed, the residual fibre content on the seed gives good results when sowing does not exceed 0.8% in medium-fibre cotton varieties and 0.4% in fine-fibre cotton varieties.

Today, one of the main issues is the education of spiritual, creative, independently thinking, mature people. The main attention is paid to the training of highly qualified personnel who meet high moral and ethical standards, independent thinking, and creativity. This article discusses the role of the teaching profession in the formation of creative thinking among students.

The given article aims to identify the fundamental distinctions between male and female verbalization comportment due to gender and cultural identity. This article withal analyzes the state of the art in the study of language changes due to gender. The article analyzes the theoretical and experimental work of Russian and peregrine scientists involved in the study of the gender factor that influences the verbalization comportment of speakers.

The article examines the chemical and mineral composition and technological process of processing ash and slag waste for the extraction of rare earth elements from ash and slag waste of the Novo-Angrenskaya TPP. In this regard, the possibility of extracting rare earth elements from acidic solutions on the Purolite C100-H cation exchanger was studied using the example of one of the rare earth elements, lanthanum.

The importance of self-study in the professional training of future teachers of fine arts, methods for performing practical tasks to acquire theoretical knowledge, practical skills and competencies of a student in the field of drawing, painting and composition, consistent and orderly work of teachers of higher educational institutions are about the process.

This article aims that every translators and interpreters who are conducting with foreign languages and native languages, especially, English (it is clear that is the most important language on a large scale nowadays), are helped how to study or how to use practically and effectively. For instance, if one person like a student or a pupil wants to find out something from English, by participating simultaneous interpretation courses he or she can be educated with main concepts and features of it. So, the article shows any kind of methods for translators how to translate English speeches simultaneously in a short time and also it trains any amount of ways for trainers how to pick interpreting education up like a self-study without taking part in courses.

In this article from the side of the author, the opinions of various scientists concerning the features of venture capital are studied. Venture capital is scientifically and theoretically illuminated as an economic category.

System for Traffic Sign Recognition and Classification is significantly important for especially traffic safety, traffic surveillance, artificial driver services and by all means, for self-driving cars. Traffic sign recognition plays an important role to tackle the traffic related obstacles. And, as traffic sign recognition is particularly applied to portable devices, lightweight models are essential aspect of the agenda. To overcome the mentioned problems, we propose lightweight convolutional neural networks with residual blocks based deep learning model for traffic recognition systems. We not only present the model efficiency but also show the several conducted experiments will well known deep CNN architectures over publicly available German traffic sign recognition benchmark. Our model showed 99.9 % accuracy by F-score, exceeding other models. At last, our model shows generally validity for traffic sign classification problem.

This article is based on the  identification , classification , and analyze  of the Uzbek and English phraseological units with zoonyms . It is known that in folklore, phraseological units are used to express certain situations and events in an effective and attractive way. In particular, phraseological units with a zoonymic component are widely used among the both languages.

Learning strategies serve to improve the effectiveness of receiving and understanding any new information. This article devoted to the study of the learning strategies which  influence to learner effectiveness as every learner individual and need various strategies to improve learning process. According to Horwitz (2000, p. 532) learners categorized into good and bad, intelligent and dull, motivated and unmotivated learners. And learning strategies can deal with different learners as Oxford stated (1990, p. 8) using various strategies make learning process easier, more enjoyable, faster and more effective.

The article analyzes the development of economic, social and diplomatic relations between the Khiva Khanate and Russia.

This article discusses the specific methods of teaching students to work with landscape composition in the style of impressionism, the origins of the method of impressionism and the peculiarities of this method, the features of teaching students to work.

Automated dispatching management of urban passenger transport from situational management methods to technology improvement factors in the development of practical recommendations for use are given.

This thesis deals with the study of the official-departmental style and its peculiarities.  It helps to understand the style, structure, composition and lexical features of business correspondence texts.

Barr bodies have not yet been studied in depth by most scientists. There is not enough information about the effects of barr bodies on the body. Barr corpses are preserved from the zygotic period of the organism to the end of its life. A number of studies have been conducted in this regard. The use of barr bodies is very effective in determining the sex of organisms that show signs of both sexes. At present, barr bodies are not only used to determine the sex. descendants of hereditary diseases or symptoms We can also learn about how they appear, their effect on the body and the degree of occurrence of these conditions in the offspring.

At a time when our rapidly developing country is undergoing great changes, the issue of radical reform of the pre-school education system has become a priority.  On December 29, 2016, the publication of the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-2707 "On measures to further improve the system of preschool education in 2017-2021"  improvement, education of preschool children, formation of skills and abilities, as well as re-examination of state requirements for preparation for school education.  Accordingly, educators and specialists have carefully studied the experience of foreign education and began to apply it in their pedagogical process.

Many researchers have found that, the amount of humidity in the leaves of mulberry not constant and it reduces white getting old of the leaf, in the not weather and salinity soil conditioner mulberry leaves roughens quirkily it can be seen from the table studding leaves of mulberry varieties amount of water is 71,11-76,82% and is tentatively Lite in spring indicators.

The biggest roli and significance ofeducation, heredity as well as environment andfamily in the development of child’s personality are indicated in the article.

The biggest roli and significance ofeducation, heredity as well as environment andfamily in the development of child’s personality are indicated in the article.

Rational use of Water Resources in the conditions of Global climate change, further improvement of the system of use of Water Resources, increasing the efficiency of irrigation and melioration works, water saving, wide introduction of innovative technologies of saving irrigation is topical. two-thirds of the Earth's sphere is covered with water, 98% of which is depleted salt water. Of the available water resources there are 2,0% fresh water reserves, 79% of which are eternal glaciers, 20% groundwater and 1,0% Lake and river waters. In this article, ideas and opinions are made about the organization of the technology of drip irrigation of cotton crops and their types.

The article explains the purpose of land management in the country, the tasks assigned to it, the principles adopted as a basis for management, the structure of the functions of land management.

The article discusses the peculiarities of the use of proverbs in the works of the writer G. Esemuratova. The use of unchanged and modified for a specific purpose of the proverbs by the writer, as well as aphorisms created by the writer based on life experience is told.