Periodontal disease is a disease of periodontal tissues of a dystrophic nature.

Periodontal tissues include tissues whose main task is to hold the tooth in the jaw bone. These include: the gum; the ligamentous apparatus that holds the tooth — the periodontium; the tooth cement — the outer surface of the tooth covering its root; and the alveolar part of the jaw bone.

Periodontal is a complex of tissues that surround the tooth and ensure its fixation in the jawbones. This complex includes the gum, the periodontal ligament connecting the tooth root to the bone socket, the alveolar processes of the jawbones and the cement of the tooth root. In certain diseases, both individual periodontal tissues and their entire complex can be affected.

This article highlights the unique aspects of Zulfiya's work, her contribution to Uzbek literature, and her international recognition. The poetess' work and personality are highly appreciated not only on the national but also on the world literary scene.

This article explores the pivotal role of tafseer in safeguarding the Quran's semantic essence, addressing the challenges faced in translating its profound meanings into different languages. It underscores the necessity of adhering to established exegetical principles to maintain the Quran's authenticity and spiritual impact across linguistic and cultural boundaries as tafseer (Quranic exegesis) serves as the cornerstone of understanding the divine message of Quran in its linguistic, historical, and contextual dimensions.

The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has had a substantial impact on the stability of the world economy, particularly in the Middle East. This study examines the conflict's complex economic effects on the area, with a particular emphasis on trade dynamics, food security, and energy markets. The war's disruption of global supply lines and subsequent changes in gas and oil prices impacted both Middle Eastern nations that import and sell oil.

Disruptions in grain shipments from Russia and Ukraine also presented significant difficulties for the area, increasing food shortages and putting pressure on the economies of import-dependent countries. The paper examines the ways in which Middle Eastern countries responded to these shocks, emphasizing policy initiatives including broadening strategic reserves, boosting domestic output, and diversifying trading partners.

Since the Republic of Karakalpakstan is one of the centers of civilization, there are many ancient fortresses and monuments dating back to ancient times. The article examines the types of necrotoponyms in the Republic of Karakalpakstan according to their origin.

The history of the authoring of Imam Bukhari's "al-Jame' al-Sahih," the reliability of the narrators after the Muhaddis, the background of the manuscripts, and the progressive stages were all carefully examined in this research. The investigation used popular classical and modern historical sources. Based on scientific-comparative and historical-analytical methodologies, the topic was studied. The narrators of "al-Jame' al-Sahih" and their contributions to hadith science were thus examined, and each narrator's trustworthy narration was examined in light of the available sources. It has been demonstrated by science that there are an infinite number of narrators and that every copy of the work that has reached us is flawless.

It has been demonstrated that Firabri and Nasafi's copies of "al-Jame' al-Sahih" are what are responsible for the work's widespread distribution. The works of the later storytellers in the widely disseminated work were examined scientifically and in comparison, and it was determined through scientific research that the work is devoid of all uncertainties and critiques.

The book "al-Jame' al-Sahih" was modified again and again by muhaddis after Imam Bukhari. The rationale for these adjustments, supported by science, was to improve the work's worth and fix various errors that had been made over the ages by narrators, scribes, and scribes. Simultaneously, a scientific analysis revealed that the flaws and shortcomings mentioned concerning "al-Jame' al-Sahih" are not the author's fault. The tradition of Muhaddis and narrators from Movarounnahr researched the history of the work's dissemination to Movarounnahr, Khorasan, the Arab world, Egypt, Baghdad, Africa, the Maghrib, and Andalusia, among other locations.

In India, educational expenditure by households plays a pivotal role in shaping both individual and familial well-being. "Household Education Expenditure and Well-Being in India: A Comprehensive Comparative Analysis" investigates how spending on education impacts the socio-economic status, quality of life, and overall well-being of families across different income groups, regions, and educational levels. The study employs a comparative approach, analyzing data from various households to explore the correlation between educational spending and well-being metrics such as health, income levels, employment opportunities, and social mobility. The research further delves into the disparities in educational expenditure across different states and socio-economic backgrounds, highlighting the challenges faced by lower-income groups in accessing quality education. By examining the long-term effects of household educational spending, the study provides insights into the broader implications for policy reforms aimed at enhancing educational access and improving well-being outcomes. This analysis contributes to understanding the significance of education as a catalyst for improving household prosperity and reducing inequality. ‎

Zulfiyakhanim is a bright star of Uzbek literature, a poetess who, through her creative work, vividly demonstrated the spirituality and culture of Uzbek women. This article studies the life and work of Zulfiya as an image of her as a source of inspiration for Uzbek women.

It is known that verbs have strong organizational properties and often follow other words and lead them. This feature of verbs is also reflected in phraseological units. In Uzbek linguistics, the connection feature of verb phrases is covered in detail. Conjugation is typical of all types of lexemes, but it is strongest in verbs. The feature of combining speech elements of verbs in the Uzbek language ensures that "the main part of phrases is made up of verb phraseological expressions". Verbs take part in phrasal verbs as grammatical base members and determine their categorical affiliation. The controlling feature of the verb forms many verb phrases.

This article examines the transformations of the literary canon from classical works to contemporary texts. The author analyzes how the perception and evaluation criteria of literature change depending on cultural and social contexts, as well as the influence of new literary movements on the understanding of classical works. Special attention is given to the relevance of classic literature in the modern world, its ability to captivate new generations of readers, and its role in shaping literary taste.

The paper considers the place of information technology in the acquisition of fine arts at school. The use of information technology in the classroom allows you to actively develop the creative and cognitive abilities of each student, apply graphics, lights, sounds, simulate different situations and among, create an emotional mood, which positively tells on the development of artistic creativity in schoolchildren.

The relevance and demand for the dissertation topic. In global dental practice, there is a high frequency of various orthopedic and orthopedic defects, including those manifested as different degrees of adentia. ..."the prevalence of adentitis has significantly increased and amounts to 35.4-62.9%." Despite significant progress in the field of materials science and improving the quality of dental prostheses, various authors note that patients complain of their intolerance from 0.6 to 12%. Many researchers note that patients with removable prostheses have different levels of adaptive capabilities, the study of which allows for the prediction of intolerance development. ..."when diagnosing and predicting tooth prosthesis intolerance, it allows obtaining objective information about compensatory-adaptive reactions occurring in the process of using removable dentures and developing preventive measures".

The implementation of modern technologies and methods in the education system today not only facilitates students' comprehension of subjects but also enables teachers to adopt an individualized approach to their students. Contemporary educational standards, curricula, and textbook content increasingly emphasize the development of students' independent learning skills, encouraging them to prepare practical assignments both in the classroom and outside of it.

In this context, the teaching process of natural sciences directs students toward self-study by allowing them to select topics of personal interest and investigate related issues through small-scale research projects.

Periodontitis is a disease caused by bacteria, injury, or medications that results in inflammation of the connective tissue complex (periodontium) located between the tooth cement and the dental alveoli.

In the general structure of dental diseases, periodontitis occurs in all age groups of patients and accounts for 25-30% of the total number of visits to dental institutions.

This article provides a comprehensive scientific description of the role of the German diaspora in Uzbekistan in bilateral relations and the importance of cooperation in today's globalization environment.

This article explores the perception of Amir Temur during the Soviet era, the restoration of his historical role and significance following Uzbekistan’s independence, and his contributions to the establishment of a centralized state. It discusses his governance, adherence to justice, economic and cultural progress during his rule, as well as his diplomatic relations with other states.

This study examines the investment environment for foreign entrepreneurs in Yangiabad District, Uzbekistan, highlighting both opportunities and challenges. Government incentives, such as tax breaks and Special Economic Zones, significantly enhance the district's attractiveness. However, infrastructure limitations and cultural barriers pose challenges for investors. Sector-specific opportunities in agriculture, manufacturing, and renewable energy present avenues for growth. The findings underscore the importance of understanding local contexts and fostering community engagement to navigate the investment landscape effectively. Overall, Yangiabad District offers a promising yet complex environment for foreign investment, necessitating strategic approaches for success.

Our world today is characterized by the overlap and acceleration of civilization in various sciences, professions and knowledge, and we have begun to talk about the era of the knowledge economy in which we deal with information as commodities; we call it the era of information and communications, and sometimes we call it the era of globalization, and thus it is an era in which means of communication, control and information processing have developed, and the world has come closer. The tourism system operates in a climate of movement, change and cultural and technological diversity. The tourism sector is the most affected by stability and global peace. It is exposed to many complex risks and crises, internally and externally.

Tooth loss is always an unpleasant fact, which most often affects elderly people. But such problems are everywhere, even among young people who lose their teeth for various reasons: from injuries to chronic systemic diseases. All of this significantly deteriorates the quality of life and leads to serious consequences, including impaired dictation and inability to chew food. Prosthetics will help to save the position, which will restore not only the aesthetics, but also the functional state of the dentofacial system. If the installation of non-removable bridges and implants is contraindicated or inaccessible to the patient due to the high cost, the dentists of the "May" clinic recommend considering removable prostheses.

This article discusses the geostrategic features of the Southeast Asian region, its problems, and their origins. It also analyzes the factors contributing to Southeast Asia's significant increase in international relations importance and its role in ensuring international security. The strategic influence of the world's leading countries in the Southeast Asian region is also studied.

In this article, the essence of creativity, social factors affecting the development of creative qualities in a person, the creative approach of educators and educational activities and methods and strategies of creative teaching, the essence of creativity, social factors influencing the development of creative qualities in a person, the educator creative approach of pedagogues to educational activity is described.

Orthopedic systems with full adentia vary in comfort, appearance, material, and price. Synthetic composites based on polymethylacrylate (PMMA), ordinary and monomeric acrylic, polyurethane, and plastic composites are used for manufacturing. The dentist selects materials for complete removable dentures taking into account the structure of the jaw, the condition of soft and bone tissues.

This study investigates how social psychological factors influence the development of emotional intelligence (EI) among individuals in managerial roles. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 120 mid-level and senior managers from technology, healthcare, and finance sectors. Quantitative data were collected through standardized surveys that measured EI and organizational climate, including dimensions such as team cohesiveness, perceived social support, and cultural acceptance of emotional expression. Qualitative insights were gathered via semi-structured interviews with 30 managers to explore subjective experiences of emotional skill-building in diverse work environments. The findings demonstrate a strong positive correlation between EI levels and supportive social contexts. Managers who reported higher team cohesiveness and open communication scored significantly better in empathy and social skills. Interviews further underscored the importance of role modeling and mentorship; participants cited learning opportunities gained from leaders who prioritized transparent communication. Additionally, industry-specific patterns emerged: managers in healthcare reported higher empathy scores, while technology firms emphasized innovation and fluid hierarchies, correlating with moderately elevated EI. Social identity factors, including gender and cultural background, also shaped emotional intelligence development. Overall, the results emphasize that social structures, collaborative norms, and inclusivity significantly impact how managers acquire and refine EI competencies.