This article examines the establishment of the first Jadid schools in Turkestan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Jadid schools emerged as a reformist response to traditional Islamic education, integrating modern subjects and teaching methods with religious instruction. Despite facing resistance from conservative religious factions, these schools had a transformative impact, improving literacy rates, fostering a sense of national consciousness, and producing a generation of intellectuals and leaders. By analyzing primary and secondary sources, curriculums, and conducting interviews, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the Jadid schools' role in shaping the educational, cultural, and socio-political landscapes of Turkestan.

educational reform, Female education, Jadid schools

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