World Literature: Evolution, Scope, and Contemporary Approaches

Abstract

World Literature refers to literary works that transcend national and cultural boundaries, circulating across linguistic and geographic borders. Originating with Goethe’s notion of Weltliteratur, the field has evolved from a Eurocentric canon to a more inclusive, transnational discourse. This essay examines the historical development, defining characteristics, contemporary trends—including postcolonial and digital literature—and analytic methodologies, such as comparative literature and digital humanities. It concludes by highlighting the importance of embracing diversity and cross-cultural exchange in literary studies for a richer, more inclusive understanding of global narratives.