Internal disorders of the temporomandibular joint are pathologic changes resulting from an incorrect relationship between the mandibular head and the articular tubercle, as well as various variants of displacement of the articular disk, its defects and deformities, stretching and rupture of intra-articular ligaments or a combination of these [Ivanov V.A.., 1999; Kupriyanov I.A.,]. Ilyin A.A. and Shkurupiy V.A. (2003), Dergilev A.P., Ilyin A.A., Adonyeva et al. (2010), and Kotiranta U., Suvinen T., and Forssell H. (2014) are cited in the references.

Internal disorders are considered to be the morphological substrate of dysfunctions of the dentoalveolar system, with a complex and diverse mechanism of development. This includes muscle conditions, temporomandibular joint occlusion, and psychoemotional status, which are all interconnected (Vyazmin A.Y., 1999; BalKüçük B. et al., 2009; Iordanishvili A.K., Soldatova L.N., Ryzhak G.A., 2011).

Currently, there is no consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease [Vyazmin A.Y., 1999; Tsimbalistov A.V., Lopushanskaya T.A. et al., 2010]. It is important to note that these are subjective evaluations and should be clearly marked as such. Some authors suggest that psychological stress plays a significant role in the development of TMJ pathology [Puzin M.N., Vyazmin A.Y., 2002; Bulycheva E.A., 2010], while others attribute it to articulation disorders [Konnonov V.V. et al, 2004; Khvatova V.A.,]. In 2005, Silin A.V. reported hypertonus of the masticatory muscles. In 2007, Ivasenko P.I. et al. and in 2009, Persin L.S. and Sharov M.N. reported the combined effect of various factors.

Orthodontics, Electronic axiography, rheumatoid arthritis

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