This article reveals the role of the Great Silk Road and the historical development of Chinese and Central Asian civilization. Including the role of the formation and development of the Great Silk Road in the history of China, in particular, the efforts to develop this trade route during the Qin, Han, Ming and Qing dynasties.  ‎

civilizations, Silk Road, China, Central Asia

Meng Fanren, The Silk Road and Silk Road Archaeology, http://www.cctv.com/lm/131/61/82900.html, (Accessed;20 March, 2022)

The Records of the Grand Historian - Volume 123 - The Sixty-third Biography of Dawan: "Zhang Qian was a native of Hanzhong. In the middle of the Jian Yuan period, he worked as a Lang. The Emperor asked the Xiongnu surrenderers, they all said that the Xiongnu had broken the King of the Yuezhi and used his head as a drinking vessel, the Yuezhi fled and often resented the Xiongnu, and did not fight with them. When Han wanted to destroy the Xiongnu, he heard these words and wanted to send an envoy. The road must be more Xiongnu in, is able to recruit messengers. He was recruited by the Xiongnu and sent to the Yuezhi, and went out to Longxi with Ganfu, a Hu slave from the Tanyi clan. Through the Xiongnu, Xiongnu got it, sent to Shan Yu. He said: "The Yuezhi is to the north of me, why should Han be able to send an envoy? I would like to make the Yue, Han will listen to me?" When he was more than ten years old, he married his wife and had a son, but Qian held the Han court without fail."

Sun Zhan'ao, The Historical Evolution of the Silk Road, Long Yuan Chun Qiu, No. 04, 2014 / No. 282 in total

Xing Mengmeng ． On the Silk Road during the Wei, Jin and North and South Dynasties : Department of Political History, Tangshan Normal College, May 2007

It was an Islamic empire founded by the Arabs in the Middle Ages. Chinese history books from the Tang Dynasty onwards refer to it as the "Da Shi", while Western Europe used to refer to it as the Saracen Empire and the Caliphate.

Li Jinming, ”An examination of the sea routes between China and Arabia during the Tang dynasty”, in Guangdong Social Sciences, no.2, 2011, pp114-122..

Guan Cuiquan, “The Overseas Trade of Guangzhou in the Song Dynasty”, Guangzhou: Guangdong People's Publishing House, 1994.

Quan Han Sheng, “The Domestic and Foreign Trade of Guangzhou in the Song Dynasty”,

Shou RuShi, “Studies in Chinese Economic History”, Beijing: China Publishing House, 2011, pp1-63. .

[Italian] Marcopolo dictated by Rusticiano, translated and annotated by Yu Qianfan: The Travels of Marco Polo (second volume), Beijing: China Book Publishing House,2009, pp367.