European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies

The Importance of Using Fiscal Policy Tools to Address Oil Price Volatility

Atheer Abdullah Oliewi — 2025-03-10

The Iraqi economy is one of the prominent rentier economies, as it depends largely on oil sector revenues as a major source of hard currency. This has resulted in a set of impacts on the general economy, as the growth of public revenues in the federal budget of the state and the gross domestic product depends on the fluctuations of crude oil prices in the global market, which in turn affects oil revenues. In addition, these fluctuations directly affect the management of public spending by the state, making it difficult to reduce it. There is still an ongoing debate about the causes and motives of these fluctuations. Accordingly, the Iraqi government faces great difficulties in preparing the state's general budget, if there is a decrease in oil revenues. Hence, the necessity of diversifying sources of public revenues in the federal budget and supporting and developing other economic sectors in Iraq that are suffering from an almost complete halt at the present time, and benefiting from them in financing the general budget revenues, in addition to getting rid of or reducing dependence on oil sector revenues.

Uzbekistan mathematicians and their discoveries

Jorayeva Mohinur Yunus kizi — 2025-03-11

Mathematics is one of the most important foundations of human development and one of the sciences that has played an important role in the development of civilization. The importance of mathematics in the development of all sciences and technologies is incomparable. Initially, this science began with simple calculations, and later branched out into such branches as complex algebra, geometry, analysis, and number theory. Uzbekistan is one of the countries that has produced great mathematicians in the history of science. Scientists such as Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, Abu Rayhan Beruni, Mirza Ulugbek, Qazizoda Rumi, and Jamshid al-Koshi made a great contribution to science not only in the East, but also in the whole world with their discoveries. In this article, we will talk about the lives, scientific works, scientific achievements of great mathematicians, how their discoveries are used today, and their significance today.

The purpose of this article is to highlight the contribution of Uzbek mathematicians to science, analyze their important discoveries and developments, and show their place in the development of mathematics. Through the article, readers will gain information about the scientific heritage of Uzbek mathematicians and their significance today.

Assessing the Impact of Community Engagement, Technology, And Policy Enforcement on Marine Environmental Protection

Mei Hua Liu — 2025-03-01

Marine environmental protection is essential for preserving biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the overall health of oceanic systems. As threats such as pollution, overfishing, and climate change continue to affect marine environments, innovative approaches are critical for mitigating these impacts. This study investigates three major approaches to marine environmental protection: community engagement, the use of technology, and the enforcement of policies. The research utilizes a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and case studies from different coastal regions. The findings suggest that when community engagement is combined with technological tools and robust policy enforcement, marine conservation efforts become more effective and sustainable. This study highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and integrated approaches in achieving long-term marine environmental protection.

Research of technology of anesthesia in therapeutic dentistry

Muratova Saodat Kadyrovna — 2025-03-11

Local anesthesia has undergone significant advancements, enhancing patient comfort and procedural efficacy in therapeutic settings. This article reviews contemporary techniques and technologies in local anesthesia, focusing on their applications, effectiveness, and patient outcomes. Key innovations, including computer-controlled delivery systems, ultrasound guidance, and novel anesthetic agents, are discussed. The article concludes with an assessment of current trends and future directions in local anesthetic practices.